The City Of New Orleans - 922 Words

Due the rapid flooding, whole neighborhoods were engulfed in water, numerous residents became stranded, and could be seen on the roofs of buildings across the city. A neighborhood TV channel reported New Orleans was encountering broad flooding due to levee damage, clean water was scarce, and the city was electrically deficient and was estimated to last for weeks. At day’s end, the Mayor of New Orleans described the considerable death toll with reports of bodies floating on the water throughout the city. The National Guard set up morgues all throughout the city. Coordination of rescue efforts days to come were hard due to lack of communication. Telephones and internet access became nonfunctional due to line breaks or power failures. Often, reporters were asked to brief public officials on the conditions in areas where information wasn’t reaching them. All local television stations and newspapers were quickly relocated, as broadcasting and internet became an essential met hod of distributing information to evacuees and the rest of the world for reports of what was occurring in the city. (Silverman) Most of the city s major roads were heavily damaged with the only route out of the city being Crescent bridge. The I-10 Bridge suffered severe damage; scaffolding was broken off from the bridge, and some were totally severed and fell into the lake below. (Des Roches) The Superdome sustained significant damage, including two sections of the roof when waterproof membrane had beenShow MoreRelatedThe City Of New Orleans971 Words   |  4 PagesWelcome to the city of New Orleans, Louisiana! New Orleans is one of the most popular cities in the boot. This wonderful, distinctive place is the home of plenty of unknown special activities instead of what most know which is Mardi Gras. Believe it or not, New Orleans, is a go-to city for most events that many, if not most Northern Louisianan may not existence. In other states, people can come to a conclusion that all Louisiana natives are the same, but we vary around the state. New Orleans is differentRead MoreThe City Of New Orleans1709 Words à ‚  |  7 PagesThe City of New Orleans is a remarkable city and has enormous potential for expansion. The â€Å"Big Easy† has always been known for the French Quarter, yet New Orleans is so much more than just a â€Å"party city†. I suspect there is a demand to show the â€Å"family friendly† side of our city. My proposal is to offer new development in a vigilant and financially responsible manner, while offering a glimpse of the extraordinarily exciting and expansive visions that I hope to witness in the future. The marketRead MoreThe City Of New Orleans870 Words   |  4 PagesOn August 29, 2005, one of the largest hurricanes ever recorded hit the city of New Orleans, devastating millions and changing their lives and their city forever. The category 3 hurricane created mass displacement and mass destruction that the city has yet to fully recover from. The residents of this once lively and culture-filled city are still attempting to rebuild what was washed away for them ten years ago. Louisiana was home to many individuals who simply loved their state and it’s peopleRead MoreThe City Of New Orleans1805 Words   |  8 Pagesâ€Å"New Orleans is unlike any city in America. Its cultural diversity is woven into the food, the music, the architecture – even the local superstisions. It’s a sensory experience on all levels and there’s a story lukring around every corner.† –Ruta Sepetys The city of New Orleans, Louisiana is a very different and special place. The population is about 390,000 based on the 2014 census. The city was named after the Regent to Louis XV, the Duke of Orleans in the early 1700s. It was established byRead MoreThe City Of New Orleans1471 Words   |  6 Pages In the city of New Orleans emerged one of the most influential music genres in the history of the United States of America. At the time, New Orleans was known for being a blending pot of people or rather, a location where people from all over the world came together in one place. This city served as a key seaport in the U.S. allowing for goods to be imported and exported. The purpose of this city was not only strategic to the growth of the country, but also allowed for the incredible mixing ofRead MoreThe City Of New Orleans2626 Words   |  11 PagesThe city of New Orleans lies below sea level in a bowl bordered by levees which prevent the high waters of the Mississippi River from f looding the city. These levees were put to the test on August 29, 2005 when Hurricane Katrina hit, causing severe destruction along the Gulf coast. Three concrete floodwalls protecting the city of New Orleans fractured and burst under the weight of surging waters from the hurricane, killing hundreds and resulting in an estimated $100 to $150 billion worth of damageRead MoreThe City Of New Orleans2342 Words   |  10 Pages Reactions The city is dead. Without a single person out in the street, and without the bright summer sunshine that wakes people up for another Monday morning. The city was completely gone; the city that used to burst with people and streets that were filled with energy is now empty but filled with filthy water. It was August 29, 2005, when the hurricane entered the warm water of the Gulf and grew to be a monstrous storm. So monstrous, that it destroyed anything in its path. The hurricane that weRead MoreThe Great City Of New Orleans2217 Words   |  9 PagesIn this great city of New Orleans, we have so many extravagant elements that distinguishes us from other cities. From Mardi Gras to the French Quarters to Canal St., they all play an important part in this city s history. The different historical statues we have scattered about the city also cause major attractions and either people love or hate them. Lately, four specific statues have been getting a lot of attention around town from not o nly the citizens, but from our very own mayor, Mitch LandrieuRead MoreNew Orleans: A Historic City849 Words   |  3 PagesNew Orleans is the largest city in Louisiana, it is located in the southern part of the state, between The Mississippi River and Lake Ponchartrain. New Orleans has belonged to Spain, France, and the United States. It was founded by the French in 1718. New Orleans has about 712 churches in all. It has about 165 city owned parks. New Orleans is famous for its French Quarter, with its mixture of French, Spanish, and native architectural styles. The Mardi Gras is a week of carnival held in New OrleansRead MoreComparison Between City London And New Orleans1094 Words   |  5 PagesI will compare my city London to New Orleans. I will investigate and compare them to each other which is going to be easy I hope you enjoy me explaining to you their similarities and difference. Landforms: New Orleans, Louisiana has a river named Mississippi Rivers, wet marsh land, Sabine uplifts are Shallow, muddy seas advanced and retreated over the coastal and river plains many times, and gray clay deposited under these seas now forms the aquifers of northern Louisiana. Which are and has no mountains;

Assessment Is A Large Part Of Every Classroom - 969 Words

Assessment is a large part of every classroom. In order to gauge student understanding, assessments are required in the classroom. They can range in complexity from a simple exit ticket or traditional formal assessment. Using a variety of assessment types is important to give students a multitude of ways to show their learning. Teachers need to be cognizant of their students, and assessments provide the means to understand students better. I have used many different assessments. A primary focus of mine is making sure students have the best opportunity to show they have learned. Students with test anxiety may not be able to show me how much they learned in the way a project could. On a daily basis, I use informal assessments. There are as simple as asking students to explain a concept just discussed, asking for an exit ticket to end the class, and asking students if they have questions during an assignment or lesson. At the beginning of lessons, I like to ask students to remind us of the day before to make sure they understand the connection from day to day. Throughout the class I will conduct brief, informal assessments, written or verbal, to make sure students are grasping the new ideas. Formal assessments become much more involved when considering all that needs to be gauged. Formal assessments for me are categorized as anything I â€Å"grade.† These follow my informal assessments throughout lessons. For example, my students just finished learning about expository styleShow MoreRelatedThe School s Positive Relations944 Words   |  4 PagesIn terms of resources in my past, current, and future classrooms, I find the school’s positive relations amongst the teachers and faculty is a key resource for the success and growth of the students. I know that without my mentor and department during my first year as a teacher, I would have struggled with assessing my students past the typical â€Å"exit slip† or â€Å"summarized† that is requi red by our district to be part of the lesson. Fortunately, I was a long-term substitute for a full year and thenRead MoreImportance of Educational Assessment Tools Essay567 Words   |  3 PagesAs a first year classroom teacher, I witness a range of inconsistencies with the testing data. As educators, we have persistent questions as why we do what we do. From classroom instructional strategies and assessments to positive behavior and classroom management; the more we reflect and question instructional decisions that are taking place within our classroom, school, and county. The No Child Left Behind Act is a legislation that is a reality all over the nation. According to Spellings (2007)Read MoreMy Teaching Strategy For Students1394 Words   |  6 PagesDuring my three years in the classroom, I have observed that all children are unique and are unique learners. Although some may categorize children into auditory, visual, and kinesthetic learners, I believe that there is much more to a child learning than placing each child under a specific category. Part of my job as a teacher is to discover throughout the year how each individual student learns best. Part of my teaching strategy for my students includes using not only cooperative learning activitiesRead MoreReflection923 Words   |  4 PagesIn my time as a student at Winthrop University I have been a part of many different experiences that have molded me into the future educator that I hope to become. Some of the biggest experiences that have helped shape me are my class time in CRTW 201, my class t ime in EDUC 220, and my time teaching private lessons with the Clover High School Band Program. Each of these experiences has played a large role in helping me become the teacher I am today and the teacher that I aspire to be. The firstRead MoreEssay about Technology in Education817 Words   |  4 PagesSoftware to support Assessment Since the beginning of the evolution of technology, the way that people think and learn seems to have evolved simultaneously. Children understand technology at a much younger age and many times are called upon to help older generations use new technologies. Technology has become a large part of education in the last fifty years. Assessment software and technologies are available for almost every educator. However many teachers do not utilize Assessment software as intendedRead MoreEvaluation Of A Future Elementary Educator1361 Words   |  6 Pageselementary educator, I know that there are various methods for assessing students. In my opinion, assessment should vary depending on the age group being assessed. Students throughout elementary school learn in different ways and develop different levels of thinking as their learning progresses. A kindergarten student does not learn material in the same manner as a fifth grader; therefore, assessments should fit the objectives and goal s of the students and also project their level of thinking andRead MoreThe Function Of Education Is The Goal Of True Education1423 Words   |  6 Pageseffective and ethical decisions. The significance of SEL continues to grow in the context of policy debates concerning school improvement and individual student achievement. A review found that SEL programs improved students’ performance in the classroom, not just their emotional performance. Specifically, they found an increase of 11% to 17% in test scores (1). SEL has just recently made it into mainstream educational curriculum, but at many schools, including Stevenson, they haven t found an efficientRead MoreAssessment Of The Kindergarten Classroom : An Empirical Study Of Teachers Assessment Approaches1593 Words   |  7 Pages Assessment in the Kindergarten Classroom For many years, educators have been challenged in their efforts to assess kindergarten children using a variety of strategies. Tests and other types of assessments designed for kindergarten children are not the same as those intended for children in later grades in elementary school. Today, kindergarten teachers face the challenge of balancing traditional developmental programming with the academically oriented curriculum that is currently required. TheRead MoreEvaluation Of An Pre Assessment849 Words   |  4 PagesAssessments: Pre Assessment- The pre assessment will be the list of characteristic that describe them as well as the statements that they have heard people say about themselves or others, that they would consider predigest or a stereotype. This will not be graded but will help the teacher see where student misconception is. Formative Assessment- The Formative assessment will be the Venn diagram created on day two of the lesson. The diagrams will be graded based on the placement of characteristicRead MoreNo Child Left Behind Standardization1608 Words   |  7 PagesThe large change for standardization began with the implementation of the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) in 2001. According to professors of education Delilah David, Ingrid Haynes, Bernnell M. Peltier-Glaze, Summer Pannell, and head of Texas Marshall County school district, Carrie Skelton, the NCLB was responsible for a number of undesirable consequences in school administration. Districts became responsible for test scores from individual schools, creating pressures among administrative officials

Accounting in Context for Australian Review -myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theAccounting in Context for Australian Financial Review. Answer: Introduction The present paper provides an analysis and examination of the key issues discussed on an Australian Financial Review (ARF) in relation to the impression management and the subsequent impact of these practices on non-professional investors. In this context, the paper has undertaken an analysis of the article entitled The impact of information presentation order on the judgments of non-professional investors written by author Hellman et al. Article Analysis The given article has provided an in-depth understanding of the various techniques of non-impression management such as textual presentation and graphical presentation on the judgment of non-professional investors. The impression management can be stated as the methods adopted by the management in developing annual reports to induce a purpose-drive behavior such as maximizing the value of the firm. The methods can result in implementing a reporting bias in the disclosures of a business entity through manipulating the information presented to the users for achieving a desired purpose. As per the article, the impression management is a multi-faced phenomenon that is largely driven by the social psychology and aims to influence the others perceptions (Hellmann, Yeow and Mello, 2017). The use of impression management practices by the managers for driving the decisions of non-professional investors can be best described through the use of agency theory. The theory examines the relationshi p between the investors and managers that is characterized by the some contractual obligations. The theory has regarded that managers are rational decision-makers and as such they tend to adopt the managerial practices that convey good performances in an environment where their remuneration is linked to the entity growth. As such, the theory provides an overview of impression management and its use in adopting reporting bias to depict the good financial performance of a firm (Schmitt, 2015). As per the article, the techniques that can be adopted by the management for impression management are textual and graphical presentation. The use of methods is based on the fact that implicit presentation of financial information is able to influence the decisions of en d-users through exploring the cognitive constraints of human mind. The users tend to perceive negative thoughts about investing in a firm if lower performance is disclosed in the annual reports. Therefore, the managers tend to adopt such practices that maximize the value of firm in its textual presentations. Also, the use of graphics increases the visibility of key financial facts and figures and thus helps in achieving investor confidence (Hellmann, Yeow and Mello, 2017). The use of impression management practices tends to induce biasness in financial reporting and therefore there is need for developing regulations for minimizing the use of such techniques that maximizes a firm value. The non-professional investors are an important group of stakeholders that uses financial information for making decisions in relation to their investment in stock markets. In this context, the Australian Prudential Regulatory Authority (APRA) holds the responsibility of monitoring and controlling the superannuation funds of non-professional investors (Hellmann, Yeow and Mello, 2017). There is need for adopting such regulations on the corporate in order to protect the interest of non-professional investors who possess little knowledge regarding the operations of stock market. However, there are some arguments cited by various authors against the use of regulations on impression management practices. This is because the concept of impression management helps in developing an interaction between the managers and audiences. It tends to develop a reciprocal influence between management and audiences and in providing an explanation to the actions and performances of an organization. The non-professional investors can develop an adequate understanding of the financial performance of a firm through the use of impression management techniques (Rahman, 2012). The use of impression management can result in perceiving a higher financial growth of an entity based on the use of attractive textual and graphical presentations. In this context, it is essential that accounting standard setting boards such as IASB and AASB develops and implements necessary regulatory practices on a firm so that the interest of non-professional investors can be protected. The objective of the regulations would be securing the interests of both professional and non-professional investors. The compliance with the regulations should be monitored by the board and the government on a regular basis (Tessarolo Pagliarussim and Luz, 2010). Conclusion It can be said from the overall analysis of the article and the various views regarding the impression management that it should be used by business entities only for developing a better interaction with the target audiences. The technique should not result in developing biasness in corporate reporting through manipulating the information for achieving personal benefits such as profit maximization for shareholders. References Hellmann, A., Yeow, C and Mello, L. 2017. The influence of textual presentation order and graphical presentation on the judgments of non-professional investors. Accounting and Business Research 47 (4), pp. 455470. Rahman, S. 2012. Impression Management Motivations, Strategies and Disclosure Credibility of Corporate Narratives. Journal of Management Research 4(3), pp. 1-14. Schmitt, D.B. 2015. Advances in Accounting Behavioral Research. Emerald Group Publishing. Tessarolo, I., Pagliarussi, M and Luz, A. 2010. The Justification of Organizational Performance in Annual Report Narratives. Brazilian Administration Review.

Vinamilk Project free essay sample

Vinamilk, a dairy company which is facing with problems, and building a marketing plan to help the company overcome its problems. The project requires students to apply knowledge taught in â€Å"Consumer Behavior† course in company with critical thinking to figure out the solution. The information used to  demonstrate  the project is mostly found on the internet, and some  is collected  from students’ friends and relatives who have used  Vinamilk  product. Company  background-  Vinamilk  is the leading producer of dairy products in Vietnam based on sales volume and revenue. Their products range from core dairy products such as liquid and powdered milk, to value-added dairy products such as condensed milk, drinking and spoon yoghurt, ice cream, and cheese. They offer one of the largest dairy portfolios in Vietnam, across a wide  selection  of products, flavours, and packaging sizes. According to Euro  monitor,  Vinamilk  has been the number [1] dairy player in Vietnam for the three years ending 31 December 2007. We will write a custom essay sample on Vinamilk Project or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Since commencing operation in 1976 they have built the largest distribution network in Vietnam and have leveraged their network to introduce new products to the market, such as juices, soya milk, bottled drinking water and coffee. Vinamilk  market  the majority of  their products under their â€Å"Vinamilk† brand, which  has been designated  as both a Famous Brand and one of the Top 100 Strongest Brands by the Vietnamese Ministry of Industry and Trade in 2006. They have also been voted the top brand in the â€Å"Top Ten High-quality Vietnamese Goods† for each year between 1995 to 2007. They also receive many awards, such as: * The certificate of â€Å"High-quality Vietnamese Goods in 2009† granted by Saigon Marketing Magazines, voted by readers through the survey made by this magazine. * â€Å"Gold medal for food safety and ensured hygiene in 2009† granted by Vietnam Food Administrator. * The certificate and cup for â€Å"The most favorite brand in 2008-2009† granted by Saigon  Giai Phong  Newspaper * Merit certificate and award of â€Å"Green Business† granted by the People’s Committee of Ho Chi  Minh  City to three entities of  Vinamilk,  i. . Saigon Dairy Factory, Thong  Nhat  Dairy Factory and  Truong  Tho Dairy Factory in 2009. * Golden cup of â€Å"Securities Prestige Brand† and award of â€Å"Vietnam Top Rank Corporation in Vietnam Stock Market in 2009† granted by Securities Business Association, Credit Information Center, and Vietnam Securities Magazines. * Award of â€Å"Top brands of Vi etnam in 2009† granted by Vietnamese Associations of Science and Technology, Southern Institute of Science and Technology and Vietnamese brand magazines. Vinamilk  Ã‚  currently  focus on business activities in the fast growing Vietnamese dairy market, which according to  Euromonitor  has grown at a CAGR of [7. 85]% from 1997 to 2007, and produce  the majority of  their products at their [nine]  operational  production facilities with a combined capacity of [570,406] tones per annum. Vinamilk  have the leading distribution network in Vietnam, giving them broad access to consumers. Vinamilk mission is commits to bring the communities the best-quality nutrition source that conveys our respectability, love and responsibilities for the people, life and society. Problems – in the last three years,  Vinamilk  Company has been going down because of its poor product quality and customer service. First, customers were complaining about its poor quality product which were infested, mildew, sour, smell weird. Second,  customers also got  unpleased  by bad working attitude of employees. Third problem were the customer services. Many times the customer tries to contact the customer service Department but they did not respond. Finally, the customer is not completely satisfied by the problem solving of the company. Many cases of poor quality products but they just put out the reason that the product  was damaged  during transit. In brief,  Vinamilk  is really delivering a bad product and service which could absolutely ruin the business if they do not tackle the problems soon. Here are some typical complaints from customers: â€Å"I bought a carton of 48 boxes  Vinamilk  180ml  remain  in their shelf of 5 months. When drinking more than a dozen boxes, milk had smell strange and sour. Children drink was colic†- 22 June 2011 by Dang Van  Phung, Da  Nang  City, VN. I bought 4 boxes  Vinamilk  180ml  remain  in their shelf. When i gave my son the last boxes, I found they get stiffness, swollen. After that  an Vinamilk  employee came to me with an unclear explanation and recall this boxes, and gave me a carton of 48 boxes  Vinamilk which they call a gift. I saw that the attitude of  Vinamilk  employee when solve this problem as not to respect the customer. No apologies and explanations to customers, this represents a lack of accountability to their products when placed on the market. † 14 December 2011 by Dang Le  Thang, Bien  Hoa  City, VN. I bought a carton of 50 bags  Vinamilk  220ml   at supermarket Coopmart,   remain  in their shelf. During use, he found more than  two-thirds  of milk get stiffness, swollen, milk flows out and the phenomenon of bacterial infections. † 1 April 2012 by Nguyen Cong  Phuc, My Tho City, VN. â€Å"Vinamilk ignore responsibility for the health of consumers when they buy and eat moldy milk of Vinamilk† 10 July 2012 by Nguyen Van Dung, Ha  Noi, VN. Short-Term Strategy – are temporary pr omotion, incentives to encourage customers to come back. These will just  implement  in a short period of time. First,  Vinamilk  can attract customers by â€Å"Discount price†. This is the simplest and easiest method. For Example: discount product price from 5% 10%. Another method is giving â€Å"gift or lottery ticket†. This is also a very effective trigger. For instance, when buying a product, customers  have a chance  to win some prizes. They  can win a trip or a household products or a year using products of  Vinamilk. Moreover, when buying product of  Vinamilk, customer will receive a gift such as a t-shirt, clock, and toys for their child Long-term strategies – These strategies will not only help  Vinamilk  overcome its current problems, but they are also strategic weapons which make the company superior to its competitors. Therefore, they  should be  implemented immediately and maintained in the long run. â€Å"Products† solutions   Vinamilk  should build Products Protection System to make customers feel safety and satisfactory when they use  Vinamilk  products. Milk  should be preserved in sterile environment. The process of packing and transport must  ensure  the food safety. Most importantly, products out of date  must not be  delivering to customers. They should also have â€Å"Products Quality Management† department which will be responsible for supervising production and double-checking before transmitting products to customer. Besides the product was on the market,  Vinamilk  should launching new products, higher quality  in order to  meet the increasing demands of consumers and compete with other competition. â€Å"Bad Employee† solution – Re-training is necessary. This improves employee working attitude. Also, this helps them enhance both specialist knowledge and skills, and hence foster performance. There are 2 kinds of training courses. First is â€Å"professional course† which provides employees with knowledge amp; techniques to well fulfill their professional jobs. Participants are office workers. Second is â€Å"skill course† which teaches employees soft-skills, extra techniques to support their professional jobs. Participants  can be everyone, especially the marketer and seller who directly meet customers. Each course may occur once or twice a month, and each class may last 4 to 5 hours. Reward and punishment are greatest strategies stimulating employees to  perform their jobs well. Managers need to  set target for employees whose job  is related  to target. To those who are not target  achieve, there  should be  a â€Å"customer survey† to test their working attitude, how caring they are. The rewards could be: bonus, gifts, movie, shopping or holiday tickets, or even promotion. And punishments are: salary deduction, cutting off their current benefit policy for a while or even getting them fired. Importantly, different levels of employees  will be attached  with appropriate levels of reward and punishment. Customer Services† solution – It is urgent to have a â€Å"Customer Services Supervisor† department taking responsibility for the effective allocation of resource and co-ordination to  ensure  our customers receive a friendly and efficient service  at all times. This department makes sure all employees  perform  as expected so that it could enhance customer satisfaction. â€Å"Problem Solving† solutio n – â€Å"Customer Problem Solving† is the second needed department now which collects customers’ feedback or helps them with any problems. They have to present hotline numbers and feedback letter box. It is a must to say â€Å"thanks† to contribution and instantly solve customer’s problems with clearly explanation if they feedback or meet difficulty. The above solutions and strategies can absolutely help Vinamilk overcome its problems. However, in order to succeed, Vinamilk have to persistently and consistently stick to the plans, well exploring and allocating resources. There must be a great harmony between all department, the commitment and accuracy in performance from top manager to bottom employees.

Be Careful Who You Call Your Friends Essay Example

Be Careful Who You Call Your Friends Essay Example Be Careful Who You Call Your Friends Paper Be Careful Who You Call Your Friends Paper My best friends and I had been exhausted from searching for the perfect prom dress for me to wear to my boyfriend’s prom.We had driven around for what felt like forever to find the dress. It was at least 100 degrees outside, no wind and humid; I thought the sun was never going to go down.After visiting a million places with no luck, we eventually gave up and decided to try the next day again. As we were on our way home, we spotted a fashion boutique with what looked like elegant Cinderella-like ballgowns on the mannequins in the stores display window, and we were right. The way the dresses were flowing so effortlessly classy yet alluring was like they were calling our names. We had to stop and try one last store. Arsha, Tayha and I went to the store while Stephanie stayed in the car, she was burnt out from running around all day and trying prom dresses on for herself. About 45 minutes later, I found the perfect prom dress; it was black, long sleeve, mesh on the top half with beautiful beaded applique in geometrical shapes, the bottom half was solid black with a mermaid style fitting and a circle train. I went in the fitting room to try the dress on; it fit perfect, it was flawless. I walked out to show my friends, and they all agreed and took pictures.The entire ride home we all talked about what we were wearing to prom, how our make up would look, what accessories we were going to wear, our nails, our hair, our shoes, we talked about everything! â€Å"I’m going to have sparkly nude makeup with a wing eyeliner and pink nude gloss† â₠¬â€œ Arsha said,â€Å" My hair will be straight with a middle part, like Cher, the singer â€Å" -Tayha said â€Å"My nails will be black with different crystal designs, and I will wear royal blue shoes to match my boyfriends soft to touch royal blue velvet blazer† I added,We went on and on, we arrived at my house, and we sat in the car talking for so long we hadn’t realized an hour went by. I had to w

Identifying American Basswood Trees

Identifying American Basswood Trees Tilia is a genus within the Linden family (Tiliacea). This family contains about 30 species of trees that are native throughout most of temperate Northern Hemisphere.  The greatest species diversity of the lindens is found in Asia. It exists only scattered in pockets throughout  Europe and eastern North America. The trees are sometimes  called lime in Britain and linden in parts of Europe and North America. The most common name for the tree in North America is American basswood (Tilia americana),  but there are several varieties with separate names. White basswood (var. heterophylla) is found from Missouri to Alabama. Carolina basswood (var. caroliniana)  is found from Oklahoma to North Carolina and south to Florida. The fast-growing American  basswood  is among the largest trees of eastern and central North America. The tree will often support several trunks off its base, will prolifically sprout from stumps, and is a great seeder. It is an important timber tree in the Great Lakes states. Tilia americana is the northernmost basswood species. Basswood flowers produce an abundance of nectar  from which choice honey is made. In fact, in some parts of its range basswood is known as the bee-tree, and can even be identified by the honey bee traffic.   Basswood Tree Identification Basswoods asymmetrical and lopsided heart-shaped leaf is the largest of all broadleaf trees, nearly as wide as it is long at between 5 and 8 inches. The rich green upper side of the leaf is in contrast to the underleafs paler green to almost-white color. The basswoods  small greenish flowers are uniquely attached and hanging under a pale, leaflike bract. The resulting seeds are in a hard, dry, hairy, nutlike fruit, which is quite visible during the fruiting season. Also, take a close look at the twigs and you will see them zigzag between oval buds with one or two bud scales. This tree should not be confused with the non-native urban basswood called little leaf  linden or Tilia cordata. The leaf of the linden is much smaller than basswood and typically, it is a much smaller tree. Characteristics Leaves: Alternate, broadly ovate, coarsely saw-toothed, notched at the base.Bark: Dark gray and smooth.Fruit: Elliptical nut-like, hard seed.

Cause and Effect of the Unemployment Rate Term Paper

Cause and Effect of the Unemployment Rate - Term Paper Example The paper will also try to identify other causes for such extraordinary situation not seen ever before. Understanding Phillips Curve Below is a typical Phillips Curve drawn for the period between 1961 to 1969 as unemployment rate versus inflation rate. Source: http://www.econlib.org/library/Enc/PhillipsCurve.html The curve shows inverse relationship between the unemployment rate and inflation. During the years 1961-67, as unemployment rate rises from 4 percent to 6 percent, inflation rate reduces from 3 to 1 percent. A way back in those years, Philips curve was used as a guide for policy makers. To reduce the unemployment rate from 6 percent to 5 percent, the government would think of stimulating the economy by spending more but later on Phelps and Friedman put forward their views that in order to achieve lower unemployment rate government cannot trade with higher inflation rate. If unemployment is at the natural rate and the real wage also remains constant and the government uses mo netary and fiscal policy tools to lower unemployment rate below its natural rate, then the resultant increase in demand will encourage firms to raise their prices quickly and would like to pay more. Due to this, labor supply will increase and unemployment rate goes down. This is an illusion for labor as price will rise more rapidly than they would anticipate. The moment they feel the pinch of inflation, labor supply gets reduced at the old wage rates or they will demand increase in wages. In this process, real wage gets back to its previous level and the unemployment rate comes back to the natural rate. The price inflation continues at the higher rates due to expansionary fiscal policies. (Hoover 2008) Friedman’s and Phelps’s analyses explained first time that Phillips curves behave differently in the long run. The average inflation rate in 1960s was about 2.5 percent which rose to 7 percent in the 1970s; however during the same period the unemployment rate did not fal l but increased from about 4 percent to about 6 percent. This implied that at some rate of unemployment there would always be a stable rate of inflation. This came to be known as NAIRU (nonaccelerating inflation rate of unemployment). NAIRU is presented here below for the period between 1945 and 2000. (Hoover 2008) Source: http://www.econlib.org/library/Enc/PhillipsCurve.html NAIRU does not suggest that unemployment rate is constant unlike natural rate of unemployment. Milton Friedman developed the Expectations-Augmented Phillips Curve that explained the breakdown of the Phillips Curve. The Expectations-Augmented Phillips Curve for the period from 1976 up to 2002 for the changes in the rate of inflation versus unemployment rate is plotted as per the following. (Hoover 2008) http://www.econlib.org/library/Enc/PhillipsCurve.html The chart shows NAIRU at about 6 percent. Assuming a situation when economy is at NAIRU, rate of inflation at 3 percent, and the government wants to reduce it to zero. The chart suggests that monetary and fiscal policy which drives unemployment rate from 6 to 7 percent brings down the inflation rate by 1 percentage point. If fiscal management causes unemployment rate to remain at 7 percent; it will take almost three years for inflation to reach to zero. The expectations-augmented Phillips Curve is considered a most basic macroeconomic forecasting tool used by most of the central banks while modulating fiscal policies. Most diverse schools of macroeconomic thought accept the applicability of this model. It is

Gideon's Trumpet Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Gideon's Trumpet - Essay Example It includes an evaluation of the appeal of the work to me, whether that appeal was on a logical or an emotional level. The paper weighs in on whether this work to me is worth recommending to others or not, what I would tell them prior to and after reading the work (Lewis; Sessions). II. Summary In ‘Gideon’s Trumpet’ we have the story of Clarence Earl Gideon, who in the account of Lewis launched a campaign through the letters to the Supreme Court for the right to have counsel for his case. On the one hand this is the key thread of the book, although a parallel thread looks at the general process for appeals in the Supreme Court. At the heart of the story, meanwhile is Gideon’s letter to the Supreme Court asking the court to essentially have his larceny conviction overturned on the basis of his not having been assigned a lawyer during his trial. Gideon was then in his fifties at that time. Prior to his larceny conviction, for which he wrote the Supreme Court asking for justice, Gideon had been sent to prison four other times, for various felonies. As a man Gideon’s problem was related to his being unable to hold down work for any given time, so that he drifted, and supported himself by occasionally engaging in petty thievery, as well as gambling. The impression that people who got to know him personally though, including the authorities, was that he was a harmless man, who had been marginalized by society (Lewis; Sessions). At the heart of the argument of Gideon, it is said, is the Fourteenth Amendment of the Constitution, and whether or not the amendment clause relating to due process translated to a right to counsel for those accused of felony crimes. This has been deemed a federal concern and thus a candidate for hearing by the Supreme Court, Gideon having complied with the filing requirements for very poor petitioners such as himself. With the Supreme Court having determined that it is in their jurisdiction to hear Gideonâ₠¬â„¢s case, they then proceed to assign a lawyer to act as counsel to Gideon before the Supreme Court, in the person of a top lawyer named Abe Fortas. Betts v Brady was deemed as an important precedent case to be considered in deciding on Gideon’s petition and the right to counsel doctrine under the Fourteenth Amendment. There is a chapter that further explores the Supreme Court judges’ individual stands on following precedent or interpreting the literal meaning of the Constitution and striking down laws and precedents that contradicted the letter of the Constitutional law. This is a prelude to Fortas crafting a strategy for Gideon’s defense, and looks at the nuances of judges arriving at their decisions at the level of the Supreme Court. On the other hand, looking at Gideon’s case in greater detail, the reader is introduced to certain facts, including that he had been charged with breaking and entering as well as larceny in connection with the Poolroom a t Bay Harbor facility in June 1961, in the community where he lived at the time, the Bay Harbor Community. Gideon’s own assessment of his fate with the justice system in Florida is that of a system that essentially was prejudicial in its application of the process against those who are marginalized. This assessment is given by Lewis together with the narration that Gideon had been exemplary in his behavior in prison, often being of aid to those who had problems with dealing with the legal aspects of their crimes (Lewis; Sessions).

Ethnic group Essay Example for Free

Ethnic group Essay What do we mean by ethnicity and what are some of the most important types of ethnic identification? Discuss how a country’s transition to democracy might increase ethnic tensions in some cases and decrease it in others. According to Handelman, â€Å"ethnicity is a social construction with certain common qualities† (2001). What this means in my opinion is the ethnicity is identifying with a group based on what that group has similar or alike. According to that text the most identifying types of ethnicity groups are Nationality, tribes, race and religion. Nationality is almost self-explanatory; this identifier of ethnicity is based on what the commonalty of being from the same county or land. Nationality is the combination of having the same culture, speak the same language, and having the same genealogical background. An example of this ethnic group would be like native India to the Haitians or Japanese people. This leads way to the next group tribes. A tribe is, â€Å" sub-national groups, particularly in Africa, that share a collective identity which include language and common lineage† (Handelman, 2001). I believe that tribe is not limited to those in Africa but also reaches to the many various tribes in the rain forest to Austria. This group I feel is a sub group within nationality, tribes form the same land loses the connective to Nationality based on the separation of language, culture and linage. Next we have race, basically race is based on physical identifying characteristics such skin completion and so forth. Race can be a little more harder to identify correctly based on so many factors can cause the appearance of one race on another. Also with race, it can be a common factor with tribe and nationality but the two groups still have separation despite that common trait. Last but not least is religion, unlike the others this group can be a self-choice to join. This group at most times can be based on nationality, tribe or race but can change because one’s identifying with a particular religion. Ethnicity can play a role of hindrance and positive for movement towards democracy. As defined â€Å"democracy is measured by the transparency and fairness of the essential procedures governing the election and behavior of government officials† (Handelman, 2001). Based on the different groups of ethnicity, democracy can be hinders because of one’s strong connection to it group. For example, to have a full democracy both men and women should vote, some tribes and religions do not agree with women have voting rights. Some people are so proud of their nationality and some to their race that they feel that they are the better group and do not feel others should right. On the other end of the spectrum ethnicity can help with transition towards democracy based on it wanting to come together for a greater good. For instance two races or nationalities joining together against a common enemy fight towards a form of democracy. Handelman, H. (2011 ). Dependency, Modernization, and Ethnic Conflict. In The Challenge Of Third World Development (p. 113). Upper Saddle River: Prentice Hall.

Ten Mistakes Parents Make in Choosing a Boot Camp :: essays research papers

The past twenty years has seen a major change in residential programs for self-destructive and struggling teens. In the past virtually every residential intervention available was funded and controlled by governmental agencies, including decisions as to who would be enrolled. What has changed is that we now have a rapidly growing network of private residential schools and programs focused on allowing parents more choices. Usually this involves parents paying the tuition, or at least making arrangements for payment through their insurance policy or other resources. This is having the effect of empowering parents, giving them many more effective resources to which to turn when their struggling child is making self-destructive decisions. These new options enable parents to intervene before a tragedy develops. With that new ability and responsibility, comes the opportunity for parents to make their own mistakes. Listed below are ten of the most common mistakes I have seen parents make during my sixteen years working with parents of struggling teens. I present this with the hope that parents who are beginning to search for residential schools and programs will rethink their initial assumptions to avoid self-defeating choices. 1.) "We want a place close to home." Just as the needs of struggling teens vary widely, so do the strengths and weaknesses of residential schools and programs. Restricting one's search to a limited geographical area increases the chances of excluding the most appropriate places that have the best chances for being successful with your child. In effect, this is settling for second best, which increases the chances of a placement not working. 2.) "We want something affordable." The most expensive residential school or program is the one that doesn't work. A quality school or program that has the structure to keep on top of manipulative and contrary teens and still be effective in changing attitudes is going to be expensive, whether the parent or the taxpayers pay the bill. Most low cost schools or programs are inexpensive because they are undercapitalized, cut corners financially, have a poorly thought out program, hire too few people and or hire minimum wage staff. It is very risky to entrust your child to one of these places. An exception to this is the quality school or program, usually Christian oriented, that has a large endowment or a successful fund raising program, or is able to attract good staff because they consider themselves on a mission.

Mary Oliver Rhetorical Analysis Essay

The jellyfish, a dangerously stunning underwater creature, can adequately symbolize the phenomenon that is nature. Nobody denies the â€Å"medusa† of its attractive features, such as, its dazzling pink color, elegant frame, and most important, its transparent body that displays running electricity. However, touch it underwater and experience the wrath of its devious abilities. Its colorful stingers have the power to inject an electrical toxin into their prey. It can kill. Furthermore, Mary Oliver, the writer of â€Å"Owls†, successfully delineates the two-faced personality nature is affiliated with. In this rich excerpt, Oliver makes it a priority to point out that nature can be both miraculous and corrupt at the same time. Like the jellyfish, nature can bring â€Å"immobilizing happiness†, but it can also be complex, and bring forth â€Å"death.† From the get-go, Oliver uses Vonnegut-like imagery to create a distinct contrast between the â€Å"terrifying† and the fascinating parts of nature. For instance, when Oliver describes the great horned owl and the fields full of roses. According to Oliver, the great horned owl has a â€Å"hooked beak† that makes â€Å"heavy, crisp, and breathy snapping† sounds, and a set of â€Å"razor-tipped toes† that â€Å"rasp the limb.† Not only that, but this mystical creature is characterized as â€Å"merciless†, and as a dark creature that would â€Å" eat the whole world† if it could. The fields full of roses, on the other hand, are used to symbolize happiness. They are described as sweet, lovely, and â€Å"red and pink and white tents of softness and nectar.† Through Oliver’s creative use of descriptive imagery, she begins to explain the incomprehensible mysteries of nature. In the same fashion, Oliver uses vivid and flamboyant   diction to emphasize nature’s intricate ways. To describe the darkness of nature, Oliver uses words such as, â€Å"hopelessness†, â€Å"headless bodies†, and â€Å"immutable force†. On the contrary, for the awing parts of nature, Oliver’s passage includes words like, â€Å"exquisite†, â€Å"luminous wanderer†, and â€Å"sheer rollicking glory†. As a result, her impressive style presents a clear image of how Oliver is â€Å"standing at the edge of mystery, and ultimately, â€Å"conquered.† Finally, Oliver uses her intimate appreciation for nature to relate to the audience and drive her claim home. First, Oliver uses an anaphora to talk about the field full of roses. Oliver begins eight consecutive phrases with the word â€Å"I.† Thus, implying the impact nature has on her as an individual, and alarming the reader of the love she has towards this prodigy. Oliver then acknowledges that â€Å"the world where the owl is endlessly hungry and endlessly on the hunt is the world in which† she lives too. Correspondingly, she mentions that nature’s curiosities involve the audience of this excerpt, as well as everyone else on planet earth. Indeed, in this lyrical excerpt, Mary Oliver uses her impressive style to describe how nature can be convoluted, charming, and over-powering. One can’t help to acknowledge the creative way Oliver uses the English language to successfully contrast the positive and negative parts of the environment. In addition, Oliver strives to make her nuanced writing and allegory for the complexity of nature. When looking at the big picture, it is easy to see how Oliver’s writing may exhibit to all how one might share whatever it is they feel passionately about.

Managing Customer Perceptions of the Business Environment

Per Bendapudi and Berry, the environmental influences consumer behavior but does not influence consumers’ trust. Organizations have to research extent of how their marketing environment creates customers’ perceived behavior and also how individual factors of given environment add to that perception. While many other researchers and authors suggest that functional behavior requires perception of trust, authors of this article are suggesting that this may not be obsolete condition. Some organizational environments are more likely to result in dysfunctional or functional behaviors as a result of larger customer perception of dependency. If customer is perceiving dependence in continuity, competitive advantage is than probably gained through managing customer perceptions of the organizational environment to reduce perceptions of high dependency. This may then reduce the negative impact arising from dependence based dysfunctional behaviors. If customers exhibit functional behaviors when they perceive themselves to have a low dependency upon a service organization then the findings suggest practical steps that those organizations can take to influence customer perceptions of the business environment (Hilton&Jones, 2010). Analysis Hilton and Jones wrote this article because of the fact that customer perceptions of the organizational environment and its influence on customer behavior is an area that is not researched enough. Customer behavior is a concept of a response to perceptions of organizational environment and they are categorized as functional or dysfunctional behavior based on potential impact on the firm. Authors are arguing that some organizational environments are more likely to result in functional or dysfunctional customer behavior. Per Hilton and Jones, that is result of greater perceived dependency, irrespective of whether customers trust their service providers, or business partners. There are numerous findings that consumer imagery extends beyond perceived price and company image to the business environment. Businesses that enjoy favorable image generally find that their products are accepted more readily than those from businesses that have less favorable or even neutral image in customers’ perception. This study focuses on the environmental antecedents of dependence. If a characteristic of the business environment is that it generates customer dependence upon a business partner then it is important for organizations to understand which aspects of their business environment contribute towards the perception of dependence (Hilton&Jones, 2010). Consumers’ selections of stimuli from the environment are based on interactions of their expectations and motives with the stimulus itself. People usually perceive things they need or want, and block the perception of unnecessary, unfavorable, or painful stimuli. This study was designed to identify, compare and contrast the experiences of commercial and private clients to determine whether the environmental variables identified by Bendapudi and Berry were applicable to the legal service context and, if so, were they also relevant to individual consumers as well as business customers. It is more difficult for consumers to evaluate the quality of services than the quality of products because of certain distinctive characteristics of services (in this case legal service provided by a law firm). Legal services are intangible, variable and perishable. Customers are usually not capable of comparing services side-by-side. Therefore other significant factors play role in shaping perception and dependence such as quality of office, room furnishing, number of framed degrees and rewards on the wall, pleasantness of the receptionist, all contribute to the evaluation of the organization that provides legal services. Result of the study finds that commercial clients think that their organizations live in turbulent times where outcomes are uncertain but also where decisions, actions and opportunities are time-dependent. In contrast, private clients do not appear to perceive the legal services environment as dynamic. They suggest that legal matters take a long time, often longer than they expect. These findings cannot be taken for granted. Actual quantity of services can vary from day to day, from service employee to service employee and from customer to customer or case to case. When marketers try to standardize their services in order to provide consistency of quality, downside is the loss of customized services, which many consumers value. Major issue with legal services is that they are first sold and then produced and consumed simultaneously. An inferior legal service is consumed as it is being produced. There is little opportunity to correct it, negative impression caused by legal services representative is difficult to correct. Consumer evaluation of service quality is usually reflection of magnitude and direction of the gap between the customer’s expectations and customer’s assessment (perception) of service quality. That perception of service quality includes segments of the business environment and built up dependence. We can see completely different research results between commercial and private customers. This is happening because the expectations of a given service vary widely among different consumers of that same legal service. These expectations stem from word-of-mouth, their past experiences, the promises made about the service in ads and by legal services representatives, available alternatives, and other behavioral factors. In individual customers respond I see significantly increased likelihood of lower perceived service quality due to raised customer’s expectations. Legal services environment serves to influence perceived quality of services and decisions of consumers. Conclusion Consumer motivation is a highly dynamic construct that is constantly changing in reaction to life experiences. Needs and goals change and grow in response to individual physical condition, environment, interaction with others, and experiences. As individuals attain their goals, they develop new ones. Many needs are never fully satisfied, they continually impel actions designed to attain or maintain satisfaction. And also, people who achieve their goals set new and higher goals for themselves. Expectations of success or failure in reaching certain goals often influence the nature and persistence of individual's behavior. Expectations are often based on past experience. Effects of success and failure on goal selection have influence on the marketer. Goal should be reasonable. Advertisement should not promise more than product will deliver. Even solid product will not be approached if it fails to live up to expectations. Law firms’ aggressive advertising is in fact creating dependency. Some of the consumers are attracted by word-of-mouth legal services’ positive (or negative) image created in media and based on their results in previous cases.

The Police and Corruption essays

The Police and Corruption essays The police. Twenty-four hours a day, three hundred sixty-five days a year, this division of our government has a mandate to enforce the criminal law and preserve public peace. Understood in this mandate is an obligation to police everyday life matters that originate in the daily lives and activities of citizens within their community. Police interact in some form with the average citizen more often than any other government official. In society today the police play a key role in maintaining a civil society. This role assumes a substantial amount of power and authority over the general public. With power comes corruption and/or misuse of power. The question that is presented is, how and why do the police exceed the parameters of their power and authority? This is an issue that is predominant in urban settings, but not exclusive to these settings. This is an important issue because it effects all people. The police is a government service to all people, but all people do not feel they are being serviced. Not everyone is satisfied with the conduct of the police. Why do people feel that police are crossing boundaries that they should not be? This will be observed from four different aspects in which police are capable of exceeding the parameters of their power and authority: police and use of discretionary enforcement, Police justice, police harassment, and the unwarranted use of police authority. Police are allowed to and must use personal discretion in their determination of law enforcement. Unlike a judge or lawyer a police officer can not gather information and take time to make a prognosis to make a decision affecting the fate of a person. He must make a quick decision based on his discretion to determine the fate of a person.. ...a quick decision is required to protect the interests of the public and to satisfy requirements of operating efficiency (Reiss, p.130) Now ...

The Cautious and Paranoid Foreign Policy of John Adams

The Cautious and Paranoid Foreign Policy of John Adams John Adams, a Federalist and Americas second president, conducted a foreign policy that was at once cautious, underrated, and paranoid. He sought to maintain Washingtons neutral foreign policy stance, but increasingly found himself grappling with France in the so-called Quasi-War during his only term in office, from 1797 to 1801. Adams, who had significant diplomatic experience as ambassador to England before the adoption of the Constitution, inherited bad blood with France when he took over the presidency from George Washington. His foreign policy responses rank from good to poor; while he kept the U.S. out of the full-blown war, he fatally hurt the Federalist party. Quasi-War France, which had helped the U.S. win independence from England in the American Revolution, expected the US to help militarily when France entered another war with England in the 1790s. Washington, fearing dire consequence for the young country, refused to help, opting instead for a policy of neutrality. Adams pursued that neutrality, but France began raiding American merchant ships. Jays Treaty of 1795 had normalized trade between the US and Great Britain, and France considered American commerce with England not only in violation of the Franco-American Alliance of 1778 but also lending aid to its enemy. Adams sought negotiations, but Frances insistence on $250,000 in bribe money (the XYZ Affair) derailed diplomatic attempts. Adams and the Federalists began building up both the US Army and Navy. Higher tax levies paid for the buildup. While neither side ever declared war, the US and French navies fought several battles in the so-called Quasi-War. Between 1798 and 1800, France captured more than 300 US merchant ships and killed or wounded some 60 American sailors; the US Navy captured more than 90 French merchant ships. In 1799, Adams authorized William Murray to make a diplomatic mission to France. Treating with Napoleon, Murray crafted a policy that both ended the Quasi-War and dissolved the Franco-American Alliance of 1778. Adams considered this resolution to the French conflict one of the finest moments of his presidency. Alien and Sedition Acts Adams and the Federalists brush with France, however, left them afraid that French revolutionaries might immigrate to the U.S., link up with the pro-French Democrat-Republicans, and stage a coup that would oust Adams, install Thomas Jefferson as president, and end Federalist domination in the US government. Jefferson, leader of the Democrat-Republicans, was Adams vice-president; however, they hated each other over their polarized governmental views. While they became friends later, they rarely spoke during Adams presidency. This paranoia prompted Congress to pass and Adams to sign the Alien and Sedition Acts. The acts included: The Alien Act: enabled the president to deport any resident alien he believed to be dangerous to the U.S.The Alien Enemies Act: enabled the president to arrest and deport any alien whose home country was at war with the US (an act aimed directly at France)The Naturalization Act: extended the length of residency required for an alien to become a US citizen from five to 14 years and prevented immigrants from voting against incumbent Federalist office-holdersThe Sedition Act: made it illegal to publish false, scandalous, or malicious material against the government; the president and justice department had such wide latitude to define those terms that this act nearly violated the First Amendment Adams lost the presidency to his rival Thomas Jefferson in the election of 1800. American voters could see through the politically driven Alien and Sedition Acts, and news of the diplomatic end to the Quasi-War arrived too late to mitigate their influence. In response, Jefferson and James Madison wrote  the Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions.

DUI class eassy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

DUI class eassy - Essay Example However, Americans still drink alcohol and drive despite the DUI prevention efforts through DUI laws. This is so as alcohol is deeply rooted in the American culture and way of life. Considering this, there is astonishingly large gap in scientific knowledge regarding the drinking under the influence among the American citizens (Bracken, 2012). It is for this reasons that I have decided to undertake a course in DUI laws. Through this class, I intend to partake in the implementation and formulation of traffic policies within my country. More so, I intend to undertake research on the inconsistencies between law and ethics. Personally, I have been a victim of drunk driving and the incidence nearly landed me in prison. I drove through a police checkpoint before the officers stopped my car and requested me to pull to the side of the road. At first, I was hesitant since I felt that this type of laws should not be applied in a free country. I saw this inspection as an invasion of my privacy and a collapse of American democracy. Before I could explain my case, the officers requested me to get out of the car and asked me several questions before they suspected me of drunk driving. Nonetheless, I was adamant that I had not taken any alcohol. According to my own understanding, being drunk is a personal issue and levels of drunkenness vary across different individuals. Before this incidence, I considered drunk driving an imposition that is meant to invade or violate people’s privacy. The officers requested me to undertake certain tests such as balancing my body on one leg before I took a breathalyzer tes t. Through these tests, the officers concluded that I was drunk and that I had violated the drunken driving laws according to state’s regulation. I was detained in the police station for the night. In addition, my driving license was confisiticated. Although I had never had any

The great depression Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The great depression - Essay Example At the same time, inequality grew by 0.1 percent pushing the poor to worse levels while the rich gained more wealth (Mcquaid 636). Evidently, with the rising personal debts and a consistent production of more goods, a balance was unattainable hence triggering a great depression on the lack Tuesday of October 1929. The stock market crashed leading to the worse economic collapse felt all over the world including various industrialised nations such as Europe. Apart from worsening wages, the great depression led to the closure of 11,000 banks out of 25,000 by 1933 in the United States. Notably, the failure attracted a nationwide loss of confidence in the economy. As a result, many people were not willing to invest or meet the high production at the time. Certainly, this aggravated the spiral downfall hence putting into question the relationship build by America from World War I. historically, America emerged from world war I as a major financier of various countries including Europe. Countries like Germany had been weakened by the war and had to pay for war reparations (Freedman 62). It, therefore, asked for a lot of financial assistance from America, which appeared to be enjoying financial stability. Therefore, many countries that suffered from the great depression mainly had debt or credit related issues with the United States. Germany, for instance, had cases of rising unemployment represented by 6 million people, which is 25% of the e ntire German workforce. The great depression was felt in different countries around the globe. It’s huge effects not only forced a new deal in America but directly led to extremism in Germany and most importantly World War II. As a result various key issues contributed to the fall of world economy. Before the industrialization period, limited Americans had a limited access to the banking sector. However, as industrialization gained momentum more banks came into light. Americans

Key Differences Between Civil Law And Criminal Law Essay

Key Differences Between Civil Law And Criminal Law - Essay Example In this respect, people are likely to be convicted of the crime they committed or to be set free on the bases of lack of substantial evidence to charge them with the crimes they could have committed. According to different issues in administration of justice between two or more people or concerning organisations, there are two kinds of laws that can be identified. These laws include the criminal law, which deals with crimes and legal punishment in which the offenders are accorded the due punishment and; and civil laws, which is designed to settle disputes between two people or organisation and ends up in the compensation of the victims. These kinds of laws are used to handle different cases and they give different kinds of judgement for what should be done in a case where one party is found guilty (Padfield, 2006, p4). They also differ in terms of filing and appealing as well as in terms of the kind of the people who should be involved in approving the judgment of the case. The evalu ation of these laws gives incite of how cases are handled in a courtroom where a case is presented to the jury for determination of the issues and passing of judgement. In determining a case, it must first be categorised according to its effects on the state or the involved and it is handled according to different laws that are in the state. In this respect, different cases can be filed by specific parties in case they happen to affect two parties who are present in the case or their representatives. For example, in criminal laws, a case can only be filed by the government or a state against an offender in a certain issue. This means that a defendant to such a case is asked to disapprove the evidence raised by the government through its different organs so as to be set free, failure to which, they will be subjected to different punishments. The filing in a case falling under the civil law is done by a private party who was affected directly by the offence that is reported in the cas e in a court of law. This means that a person affected in the case are the only people who can file a case against the people who offend them and them or their representatives like lawyers are supposed to follow the proceedings of the case (Padfield, 2006, p47). Another difference between the two laws is that in the case of civil law, victims are punished by reimbursement or compensation to the person who wins in the case. The court in involved in a case of civil law orders a person to make compensation to the people they offended and that means that they are asset free on the condition of making full reimbursement or presenting a plan to do so. It means that an affected person do not necessarily have to suffer in prison in the case of losing a case in the court but can go free but at a condition that they will be able to make compensation for things they have done on the people. Civil law does not award any cases of punitive damages unless in a tort law where the intent of an offen der is determined to have been malicious, negligent or a willingly disregarding the person involved in the case. On the other hand, offenders in the cases dealing with criminal laws are incarceration in a jail, they can be charged a fine payable to the government or in some cases they are executed. Crimes falling under the criminal law are divided into two categories according to the punishment length of incarceration and the severity of the cases. In this case, there are felonies, which are given the maximum punishment of incarceration in prison for a period length of not less than one year and misdemeanours crimes are given a maximum incarceration in

Effect of Social Media on Political Participation

Effect of Social Media on Political Participation Has social media led to substantial changes in citizens’ repertoires of political participation? In the past few decades, an upsurge in the use of social networking sites (SNS) has been witnessed (Bode et al., 2014). Ever since the emergence of social media, the deliberation of how and to what extent they altered the way people engaged in politics has been ardently discussed. To understand this question, one should first examine it in two directions, the definition of social media and political participation, before moving on to the discussion of whether or not there are changes over time. Undoubtedly, any authority would be ill-advised to underestimate the power of the internet. If using the internet and sending text messages can modify the foreground of a nation and overturn ingrained authoritarianisms; if they have the ability to change the fortune of an unknown man into an overnight star; if they have magic for fixing the ‘illness’ of the society by pressuring governments, is it possible for anyone to resist using these types of media to achieve their goals? It is an undeniable fact that the current society is a world where all kinds of social media are almost inevitable. Since the launch of social media over 10 years ago, one can fairly address that there have been some enormous changes in people’s everyday lives. According to Jeroen Van Laer and Peter Van Aelst, â€Å"A notable feature of recent public engagements with the internet is its use by a wide range of activists and groups engaging in social and political protest† (Aelst et al., 2010). Tufekci and Wilson (2012) provided an example of this statement. They noted that, â€Å"Since the ‘‘Arab Spring’’ burst forth in uprisings in Tunisia and in Egypt in early 2011, scholars have sought to understand how the Internet and social media contribute to political change in authoritarian regimes† (Tufekci et al, 2012). The two mentioned assertions of each scholar have shed some light on the influence of the internet. This essay will deal with the following aspects of the question of whether or not social media reforms the means of civic participation in politics, a) what is political participation; b) what is the role of social media in the sense of taking part in the policy-making procedure. Finally, the essay will be concluded by the outcome of the discussion in question. To begin with, the definition that was given by Boyle and other scholars in ‘Expressive responses to news stories about extremist groups: A framing experiment’, they proposed that the term ‘‘expressive action’’ included talking to friends and family about politics, sending letters to the editor, contacting public officials and attending rallies (Boyle et al., 2006). However, as Rojas, H. and Puigà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ià ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Abril, E mentioned in their journal (2009), â€Å"Verba et al. (1995) narrowly define political participation as ‘an activity that has the intent or effect of influencing government action–either directly by affecting the making or implementation of public policy or indirectly by influencing the selection of people who make those policies’ (Rojas et al., 2009). Either way, one thing is clear, political participation is a set of activities to affect who decides or decision itself in any possible way. In ‘Mobilizers mobilized: Information, expression, mobilization and participation in the digital age’, a number of hypotheses were suggested by Rojas, H., and Puig-Abril. These hypotheses embodied a model explaining the cycle of the interactions between Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) as Figure 1 they proposed below. As the result of their study, assumptions of informational uses of ICT resulting expending expressive behaviours in the online sphere are sturdily supported. Furthermore, the relative significance of blogs as a source of information that accelerates such expressive behaviours is also suggested in this study. Nevertheless, one interesting result was noted that there is no support for a direct relationship between online expressive behaviours and offline participatory behaviours. This implies that online political activists may not be as enthusiastic as they are online when it comes to taking part in the policy-making procedure offline (Rojas et al., 2009). Political participation on social media is referred to as ‘political SNS use’ by Bode (2014). The definition of ‘political SNS use’ is using SNS for political intentions, for example, displaying a political preference on one’s profile page or becoming a ‘fan’ of a politician (Bode et al, 2014). However, another argument suggested that while one is studying ‘political SNS use’, the disadvantages that it presented should not be overlooked. One example of this is addressed in one of Clair Cain Miller’s articles of The New York Times. Miller stated that due to the convenience that the internet provides, it is useful for promoting events, such as the Arab Spring to the Ice Bucket Challenge. However, people might be reluctant to express themselves because of the urge for obtaining recognition (Miller, 2014). With the exact reason, people tend to interpret the various signals in social media, as liked or hated. As these signa ls become clearer, the reluctance of people to express their views online increases; hence, the differentiation between the different positions will turn into a more serious situation and those who share the same or similar points of view will be even more unified (Miller, 2014). Citing from Bode’s journal, â€Å"although social networking sites were not originally conceived of as political tools, politicians have quickly adapted to use them as such (Bode et al, 2014). The internet has given civil society new tools to support their claims. In the recent years catchphrases, such as, ‘‘Twitter Revolution’’ or ‘‘Facebook Revolution’’ have been high-lighted (Tufekci et al, 2012). However, one should keep in mind that social media alone did not cause the revolutions and demonstrations (Joseph, 2012). In the case study of the Arab Spring, it was the urgent need of four things; namely, justice(Adala), freedom (Hurriya), dignity (Karama), and respect (Ihtiram) which pushed the citizens participating in those protests, and social media merely played the role of supporting the combustion by providing the platform for exchanging and spreading the information. Due to the falling costs and expanding capabilities of mobile phones, the traditional communications have been enriched with capacities of taking pictures and videos. Within the past decade, communities in which it had long been difficult to access information were converted into massive social experiments fuelled by an explosion in channels of information (Aelst et al., 2010). The evolution of new communication technologies brought new forms of political communications. In Jeroen Van Laer and Peter Van Aelst’s journal, they categorised 4 new forms of political communication; namely, a) Internet-supported action with low thresholds. In this category, donation of money, consumer behaviours, and legal protests and demonstrations are involved. It is believed that donating money is the most primary way to engage in a social movement that involves almost no risks or commitments (Aelst et al., 2010). b) Internet-supported action with high threshold, which means transnational demonstrations, transnational meetings, and Sit-in / occupations and more radical forms of protest. One case study of this section is the Harvard Progressive Student Labour Movement at Harvard College. The incident was for demanding higher living wages for the institution’s security guards, janitors and dining-room workers. This movement was initiated with the occupation of several university administrative offices in 2001. Eventually, the ‘real-life ’sit-in at Harvard College was accompanied with a ‘virtual sit-in’ in order to increase media attention and to broaden the pressure on administration officials (Constanza-Chock 2003;Biddix Park 2008). c) Internet-based action with low threshold. This includes actions that are solely performed online: online petitions, email bombs and virtual sit-ins. Any Face book user can generate a group to protest or support a specific cause and invite other members to ‘sign’ this cause by taking part in this group. d) Internet-based action with high threshold. This involves Protest websites, Alternative media sites, Culture jamming, and Hacktivism. The definition of culture jamming was coined by Stolle and other researchers, â€Å"changes the meaning of corporate advertising through artistic techniques that alter corporate logos visually and by giving marketing slogans new meaning (Stolle et al., 2005). These ‘attacks’ are all blurring the line between what is legal and what is not. These tactics are then labelled as ‘electronic civil disobedience’, ‘hacktivism’ or as ‘cyber terrorism’, and depends on the point of view (Denning 2001; Vegh 2003). Using and managing social media as a participatory tool is not the same thing. The real challenge is how to utilize social media to properly take part in the decision-making process. It is indeed that the world needs diverse voices and with the help of social media, everyone is granted the power to ‘have a say.’ Social media did not merely become a tool in hands for those who actively want to have a say, they also bind the communities which were not asked to take actions previously. However, one should bear in mind that ‘saying what’ is the most crucial part of participating in politics. The results from Bode’s study are compelling,†-political SNS use is not a dead-end, but instead provides an impetus for greater political participation (Bode et al, 2014). Perhaps it is worth acknowledging here that social media have indeed changed the citizens’ repertoires of political participation. The evidence is compelling, although there are some op posed arguments. The development of ‘political SNS use’ is promising and is a study worthy for future research. Bibliography Biddix, J. P. Park, H. W. (2008) ‘Online networks of student protest: the case of the living wage campaign’, New Media Society, vol. 10, no. 6, pp. 871–891. Bode, L., Vraga, E. K., Borah, P., Shah, D. V. (2014). A New Space for Political Behavior: Political Social Networking and its Democratic Consequences.Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 19(3), 414-429. doi: 10.1111/jcc4.12048 Boyle, M. P., Schmierbach, M., Armstrong, C. L., Cho, J., McCluskey, M. R., McLeod, D. M., et al. (2006). Expressive responses to news stories about extremist groups: A framing experiment. Journal of Communication, 56, 271–288. Constanza-Chock, S. (2003) ‘Mapping the repertoire of electronic contention’, in Representing Resistance: Media, Civil Disobedience and the Global Justice Movement, eds A. Opel Pompper D. Praeger, London, pp. 173–191. Denning, D. E. (2001) ‘Activism, hacktivism, and cyberterrorism: the internet as a tool for influencing foreign policy’, in Networks and Netwars: The Future of Terror, Crime, and Militancy, eds J. Arquilla D. Ronfeldt, RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA, pp. 239–288. Joseph, S. 2012. ‘Social Media, Political Change and Human Right’, Boston College International Comparative Law Review. Laer, J. V. Aelst, P. V., (2009) INTERNET AND SOCIAL MOVEMENTACTION REPERTOIRES.Information, Communication Society,13(8). Available at: http://www.academia.edu/262038/Internet_and_Social_Movement_Action_Repertoires_Opportunities_and_Limitations> [Accessed: February 19, 2015]. Miller, C. C., 2014. How Social Media Silences Debate.The New York Times, [Online]. 0, 0. Available at: http://www.nytimes.com/2014/08/27/upshot/how-social-media-silences-debate.html?abt=0002abg=1 Rojas, H., Puigà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ià ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Abril, E. (2009).Mobilizers mobilized: Information, expression, mobilization and participation in the digital age.Journal of Computerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Mediated Communication, 14(4), 902-927. doi: 10.1111/j.1083-6101.2009.01475.x Stolle, D., Hooghe, M. Micheletti, M. (2005) ‘Politics in the supermarket: political consumerism as a form of political participation’, International PoliticalScience Review, vol. 26, no. 3, pp. 245–269. Tufekci, Z. Wilson, C., 2012. Social Media and the Decision to Participate in Political Protest: Observations From Tahrir Square. Journal of Communication. Available at: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2012.01629.x/pdf> [Accessed: February 19, 2015]. Vegh, S. (2003) ‘Classifying forms of online activism: the case of cyberprotests against the World Bank’, in Cyberactivism. Online Activism in Theory and Practice, eds M. McCaughey M. D. Ayers, Routledge, New York, London, pp. 71–95. Verba, S., Schlozman, K. L., Brady, H. E. (1995). Voice and equality: Civic volunteerism in American politics. Cambridge: Harvard University Press

Baptism Essay -- essays research papers fc

Baptism is the door to life and to the kingdom of God. Baptism in Christian churches, the universal rite of initiation, performed with water, usually in the name of the Trinity or in the name of Christ. Orthodox and Baptist churches require baptism by total immersion. In other churches, pouring and sprinkling are more common. Most churches regard baptism as a sacrament, or sign of grace; some regard it simply as an ordinance, or rite, commanded by Christ. Therefore, Baptism is the sacrament of faith by which we, enlightened by the Spirit's grace, respond to the Gospel of Christ. Scriptural Basis Jesus was baptized by John at the beginning of his public ministry. Although it is uncertain that Jesus himself baptized, the risen Christ commanded his disciples to preach to and baptize the nations as the sign of God's coming rule. Thus, from the outset, baptism became the Christian rite of initiation. Purpose and Symbols The purpose of this sacrament is to purify your soul and to destroy all evil. That is one of the main reasons why water is used for a symbol. Water is both destructive and creative which matches baptism. Water was used as a symbol of purification in many religions at a very early date. Other symbols of baptism include oil, a white cloth, and a candle. People able to receive Baptism Infants were probably baptized in the early church. Baptism was often postponed as long as possible. Between the 4th and 6th centuries, however, infant baptism began to be required...

Mustafa Kemal Ataturk: Motivations, Ideas, and Impact Essay

The most attractive feature of Mustafa Kemal Ataturk’s life, one admired both in Turkey and internationally, is how he embraced modern philosophical ideals and applied them to his own country despite tremendous resistance. The life of Ataturk, in a very real way, is symbolic of the ever-present conflicts that exist between traditional values and modern evolutionary approaches to social and political forms of organization. Although he is commonly referred to both popularly and in the academic literature as the Father of Modern Turkey, it is fair to extend this characterization by designating Ataturk as one of the founding fathers of all modernizing societies facing barriers imposed by those preferring more traditional forms of political and socioeconomic organization. His actions as the first president of the modern Turkish republic, to be sure, have been emulated by other leaders around the world seeking to create modern nation-states in order to compete with the technologically-superior countries commonly referred to as the West. Any understanding of Ataturk’s impact on Turkey, and within the context of international modernization struggles and conflicts in subsequent times, demands an understanding of his fundamental beliefs regarding modernization in Turkey, how he implemented these ideas in practice, and how he thereby came to symbolize the evolutionary pattern of societies and political systems in historically traditional societies. As an initial matter, in order to understand how Ataturk developed his political philosophy, it is necessary to understand that his thought was influenced by many sources. Specifically, he was battling against the traditional political theories of the crumbling Ottoman Empire while simultaneously struggling intellectually to determine how to create a new Turkish Republic using certain political approaches favored by the West. He spent a great deal of time in France and was deeply influenced, for example, by the French Jacobins and their belief in the development of a more secular state that was independent of the Catholic church; indeed, one scholar notes that Ataturk and the Young Turk group of which he was a part â€Å"concluded that, just as the Catholic Church was said by French liberals to pose a threat to the French Third Republic, so Islam presented a threat to modern Turkey† (Candar 88). The development of a secular state was thus the most important foundational element of Ataturk’s political philosophy. This would not be easy, however, because Islam was the dominant religious influence and it was a widely held conviction. More, as the Ottoman Empire was crumbling, many foreign countries invaded and Ataturk was compelled to unify and defend what would become modern Turkey against imperial invaders. He was therefore required to fight both an internal battle designed to create a unified modern nation-state while also fighting external enemies determined to make claim to lands the Ottoman Empire could no longer protect. Ataturk succeeded in both respects. The remarkable feat about unifying the people who would become and remain the modern Turkish republic is that â€Å"there was no such thing as a Turkish ethnicity. Turkish was, if anything, a language group. The Turkish-speaking warrior hordes that poured out of Central Asia beginning a thousand years ago were of mixed blood† (Fromkin 14). He thus created a national identity from an extraordinarily diverse group of tribes and people. This national identity, moreover, evolved in sharp contrast to the dominant Islamic identity which preceded Ataturk’s reign. On assuming power as Turkey’s first president, for instance, he made the decision to delegitimize the religious role of the sultan and to completely redesign the Turkish nation-state. His rationale for this substantial departure from the past was that â€Å"After assessing the failures of the empire, Ataturk believed that the decline could be attributed, in part, to the inability to compete with the West† (Vertigans 42). Borrowing from the West, he worked tirelessly to establish a modern bureaucratic system, to remove Islam from the political system, and to prepare Turkey to compete and develop with the stronger western powers using the same basic administrative and political institutions. While much of the modern Middle East struggles with radical Islam, and some countries have political systems dominated or deeply influenced by Islam, modern Turkey remains comparatively moderate in terms of the role that Islam plays in political life. This fact can be traced directly to Ataturk and is considered one of the most enduring aspects of his leadership. Indeed, â€Å"Instead of being neutral on the question of the religious practices and beliefs of its citizenry, the Kemalist state seeks to remove all manifestations of religion from the public sphere and put them under the strict control of the state† (Yavuz 60). Modern Turkey, in sum, is an advanced Islamic country, its political system controls and moderates Islam, and it is an ally of the United States and being considered for admission to many organizations comprising the European Union. All of this was accomplished despite internal opposition from traditionalists in a diverse land and from imperial aggression from abroad. In the final analysis, though Ataturk certainly used murder and oppression as political tools, he is in the bigger picture a figure to be admired because he unified a country, he created a new national identity, and he created a secular state in a region dominated by Islam. Ataturk serves as a model for transcending religious domination of political institutions and for demonstrating that national identity and national unity do not depend on an underlying ethnic purity. Modern countries struggling with the move from traditionalist systems to modernity would be well-advised to study the leadership practices and the political philosophy of Ataturk. Works Cited Candar, Cengiz. â€Å"Ataturk’s Ambiguous Legacy. † The Wilson Quarterly Autumn 2000: 88. Questia. Web. 2 June 2010. Fromkin, David. â€Å"Ataturk’s Creation. † New Criterion Apr. 2000: 14. Questia. Web. 2 June 2010. Vertigans, Stephen. Islamic Roots and Resurgence in Turkey : Understanding and Explaining the Muslim Resurgence /. Westport, CT: Praeger, 2003. Questia. Web. 2 June 2010. Yavuz, M. Hakan. â€Å"The Case of Turkey. † Daedalus 132. 3 (2003): 59+. Questia. Web. 2 June 2010.

Natural environment Essay

Frank Lloyd Wright’s Fallingwater introduces an essential factor the architect incorporated in the perspective of organic architecture by striking the balance between technology and the environment. He utilized building materials in the likes of concrete and steel, contemporary resources which appeared quite artificial to the average man or woman (Hoffman 18; Levine 217). Technological advancement usually denotes an unwelcoming and unattractive facet of society, not just in the environmental realm but in the social aspect as well. At the same time as the country progresses towards the 20th century, the relationship between technology and the environment grew all the more crucial as far as the designs Wright conceives. He acknowledged that the technological advancements constitute an vital element of the society into which humanity is born. As an architect, he considered it his purpose to identify the common ground where technology and the environment exist in harmony with one another (Hoffman 18; Levine 217). The spectacular profile and structures he conceptualized, particularly in his most recent works became feasible with the aid of technological advances. Nonetheless, it took a human factor for cultivation (Hoffman 18; Levine 217). However, others believe that the building materials he incorporated were far from what were generally regarded as organic elements found in nature. In what manner can the cantilevered concrete, a feature of the structure communicate with the environment? In response to that query, the architect requests his audiences to consider nature as an abstract form (Hoffman 21; Levine 217). Wright suggests that his audiences treat nature as an innate feature of the material. The moment an individual identifies the fundamental component of masonry, brick, and wood, their nature was identifiable every time they are being utilized allowing them to function in the rising contemporary society (Hoffman 21; Levine 217). Undeniably, his works has evermore altered the landscape of the country, and similar to several built environments, his brand of architecture mirrored the socio-cultural aspects of the times beginning in the year 1890 until 1960 (Hoffman 21; Levine 217). Analyzing his designs would even offer significant insights concerning the concepts of organic architecture. His influence in field of architecture remains undisputed. The character of the structures he designed imposed not a style rather a manifestation of awareness which encouraged other versions of the forms in the contemporary society (Hoffman 21; Levine 217). Several other architects drew inspiration from the proximity of environmental occurrences (Hoffman 21; Levine 217). The Fallingwater serves as a contemporary representation of the basic need to identify with nature by means of immersion. Forming a cantilever above the waterfall of a winding creek, the Kaufmann house is nestled amid the forest. The rhythm of flowing water is heard around the place and suspended balconies offer the feeling of blending with nature. Such connection delivers an intimate connection with the built as well as the natural environment. The clean geometric architectural forms start to expose the inherent properties present in the basic structure of the natural environment. Works Cited Hoffmann, Donald. Understanding Frank Lloyd Wright’s Architecture. Chelmsford, Massachusetts: Courier Dover Publications, 1995. Levine, Neil. The Architecture of Frank Lloyd Wright. New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1996.